The "ringing of the bell" signifies the end of active treatment and the beginning of a life free of cancer, and the patient is in remission.
PD-1 and PD-L1 are types of proteins found on cells in your body. PD-1 protein appears on immune cells called T cells. It usually acts as a type of "off switch" that helps keep the T cells from attacking other cells in the body. PD-1 attaches to PD-L1, a protein found on some normal (and cancer) cells. This interaction tells the T cell to leave the other cell alone and not attack it. Some cancer cells have large amounts of PD-L1, which helps them hide from immune attacks.
Inotrope refers to a drug class or agent that alters the force or energy of muscular contractions. Negatively inotropic agents weaken the force of muscular contractions. Positively inotropic agents increase the strength of muscular contractions.
Although he appears to be far older than Sheila Kelley (Debbie), Richard Schiff (Dr. Glassman) is only six years older than her.