Sloan is wearing a special rank insignia; 4 pips with an underline.
In the background of the final scene there is what appears to be a model of the International Space Station (ISS) with a 20th/21st century U.S.A. Space Shuttle docked.
The medical conference to which Bashir is heading is on Casperia Prime, the same planet where Jadzia Dax wanted her honeymoon in the episode Change of Heart (1998).
Inquisition is one of the few episodes that doesn't have a B-story.