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- Saddam Hussein was a bloody and brutal dictator who kept his country of Iraq at war almost constantly after assuming power in 1979. At least one million people died due to the machinations of Saddam. After his regime was toppled by the U.S. invasion of 2003, he wound up on a gallows, his life terminated at the end of a hangman's noose.
Saddam invaded neighboring Iran in 1980 and waged war for seven years and 11 months, making it the longest conventional war in the 20th Century. Saddam had hoped to take advantage of what he perceived as the chaos of the Iranian revolution to settle border disputes and suppress his own Shi'ite Muslim population. (Iran is predominantly Shi'ite while Hussein was a Sunni Muslim.) The war ended in a stalemate with approximately 500,000 Iraqis and 400,000 Iranians dead. Both sides, major oil producers, suffered economic losses of half-a-trillion dollars. Saddam used poison gas against Iranian troops, an atrocity even Adolf Hitler didn't engage on the battlefields of World War II.
Beginning in 1986 and continuing through 1989, Saddam launched a deliberate campaign of genocide against the Kurds in northern Iraq. The campaign also targeted areas populated by other minorities, including Assyrians and Jews. In 1988, his forces launched a poison gas attack on the Kurdish town of Halabja that killed as many as 5,000 people and injured as many as 10,000. In all, Saddam's three-year-long genocide against the Kurds and other minorities claimed as many as 182,000 lives.
In 1990, the war-monger Saddam invaded Kuwait with the intention of looting and annexing the oil-rich country. An international coalition was put together by the first President George Bush and freed Kuwait but left Saddam in power. His son President George W. Bush put together a second coalition army dominated by American and British forces that invaded Iraq in March 2003 to depose the dictator.
The invasion was launched on the pretext that he possessed weapons of mass destruction and was in league with al-Qaeda, the terrorist group that had launched the 9/11 attacks on the United States. Both charges were false, but it led to Saddam's capture in December 2003. He was subsequently tried and executed by the Iraqi interim government for the killing of 148 Iraqi Shi'ites in 1982. His death sentence was carried out on December 30, 2006. - Abdul Sattar Al-Basry was born on 22 February 1947 in Basra, Iraq. He was an actor, known for The Shadow Men (1996), Theyab Al-Lail (1992) and Ala'm al Seet Waheeba (1997). He died on 12 May 2024 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- David Bloom was born on 22 May 1963 in Edina, Minnesota, USA. He was married to Melanie Beal. He died on 6 April 2003 in near Baghdad, Iraq.
- Born in Rio de Janeiro in 1948, Vieira de Mello joined the United Nations in 1969 while studying philosophy and humanities at the University of Paris (Panthéon-Sorbonne). He spent the majority of his career working for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in Geneva, and served in humanitarian and peacekeeping operations in Bangladesh, Sudan, Cyprus, Mozambique and Peru.
In 1981, Vieira de Mello assumed his first high-profile position, when he was appointed the Senior Political Adviser to UN forces in Lebanon. Thereafter, he occupied several important functions at UNHCR's Headquarters from 1983 to 1991 (chef de cabinet of the High Commissioner; director, Regional Bureau for Asia and Oceania; and director, Division of External Relations). Between 1991 and 1996, he served as special envoy of the High Commissioner for Cambodia, director of repatriation for the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC), head of civil affairs of the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) in Bosnia, and United Nations regional humanitarian coordinator for the Great Lakes Region of Africa. In 1996 he was appointed United Nations assistant high commissioner for refugees before being posted to New York in January 1998 as under-secretary-general for humanitarian affairs and emergency relief coordinator. Vieira de Mello briefly held the position of special representative of the secretary-general in Kosovo and also served as United Nations transitional administrator in East Timor. On September 12, 2002 he was appointed United Nations high commissioner for human rights. In May of 2003, he was asked by the secretary-general to take a four-month leave of absence from his position as high commissioner to serve in Iraq as special representative of the secretary-general. It was there that he was tragically killed on August 19, 2003.
"Sergio," as he was known by the scores of government officials, UN staff members and others who considered him a good friend, was a remarkably effective international civil servant. As a result, he was asked by the United Nations to tackle some of the world's most complicated humanitarian and peacekeeping challenges. His track record of success was extraordinary, whether it was fashioning a refugee protection and resettlement scheme for Vietnamese refugees, overseeing the repatriation of 300,000 Cambodian refugees from Thailand, setting up a UN civil administration in Kosovo, or managing the political transition in East Timor. His assets included extraordinary intelligence and good judgment, graciousness and wit, and a profound dedication to the humanitarian principles that inform the UN Charter. He was the obvious choice to lead the UN effort in Iraq, to which he has given his life. His friends and colleagues at the United Nations and elsewhere will best honor his memory by persevering in the humanitarian and human rights work to which Sergio was so committed. - Sadiq Ali Shahin was born on 19 March 1939 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Al-nahr (1979), The Shadow Men (1996) and Theyab Al-Lail (1992). He died on 25 January 2013 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Ahmad Chalabi was born on 30 October 1944 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was married to Leila Osseiran. He died on 3 November 2015 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Amal Taha was born on 19 September 1956 in Nasiriyah, Iraq. She was an actress, known for Oru Jaathi Oru Jaathakam, Motaw'ie and Bahiya (1982) and Building No. 13 (1987). She died on 19 May 2016 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Actor
- Production Manager
- Producer
Falah Abboud was born on 1 July 1951 in Mosul, Iraq. He was an actor and production manager, known for A Man Above Suspicion (2000), Al Hob Yati Men Al Nafitha (1997) and Fayeq Ytzwag (1984). He died on 25 January 2022 in Baghdad, Iraq.- Jean-Selim Kanaan was born on 28 July 1970 in Rome, Lazio, Italy. He was an actor, known for Don't Forget You're Going to Die (1995). He was married to Laura Dolci. He died on 19 August 2003 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Abd al-Jabbar Kadhim was born on 10 February 1949 in Wasit, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), The Shadow Men (1996) and Hob Fey Baghdad (1987). He died on 21 April 1996 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Marla Ruzicka was born in a tiny conservative town in northern California. She was one of six children, and a born activist, with a passion for human rights and an innate ability to hustle anyone. When she was in the eighth grade, Marla rallied her entire school to stage a walkout in protest of the Persian Gulf War. At seventeen, Marla began volunteering at the San Francisco headquarters of Global Exchange, an international human-rights organization co-founded by Medea Benjamin, who became her surrogate mother. Marla enrolled at Long Island University, in the Friends World Program, and for four years studied in Costa Rica, Cuba, Israel/Palestine, and Eastern Africa. After graduating from LIU in 1999, Marla returned to Zimbabwe, where she'd met a musician named Phillip Machingura. They returned to California together, and were married in 2000.
But Marla was restless in San Francisco, particularly after September 11, 2001. Six weeks after the war in Afghanistan was launched, she visited Afghan refugee camps in Peshawar, Pakistan. Marla was horrified by the sight of orphaned children and the civilian devastation caused by U.S. air strikes. Instead of returning to California as planned, she stayed in Pakistan to collect stories of civilian victims; a few days later, as the Taliban fell, she hitched a ride over the border to Afghanistan.
There, Marla befriended journalists, and examined the collateral damage of the U.S. bombing campaign. She knocked on doors and visited the wounded in hospitals. With her uncombed platinum hair and childlike demeanor, she was highly unconventional. The press corps dubbed her "Bubbles." In the summer of 2002, Ruzicka went to Washington, D.C., where she lobbied Patrick Leahy to institutionalize the U.S.'s policy of compensating civilians. She and Leahy developed legislation to provide $1.5 million in medical care, home rebuilding, micro-loans and other forms of assistance to Afghan civilians. The legislation was the first of its kind in American history.
In 2003, shortly before the U.S. declared war, she moved to Baghdad, and founded the Campaign for Innocent Victims in Conflict (CIVIC) to count civilian casualties, which the U.S. government was not doing. Marla visited villages and hospitals, interviewing witnesses and holding demonstrations, demanding that the U.S. compensate civilians for the destruction. Over time, the press started following her. Her efforts were reported in papers around the world, including Newsweek and the New York Times. Along with Iraqi colleagues, Marla and CIVIC organized door-to-door surveys, with more than 160 volunteers, to obtain firsthand accounts of civilian casualties and injuries as a result of military action. As a result of her data, Sen. Leahy sponsored another bill in 2003, awarding a record $10 million in assistance to Iraqi civilians.
On April 16, 2005, Marla and her driver were killed when a suicide bomb exploded on Baghdad's Airport Road. According to Rolling Stone Magazine, "Ruzicka is perhaps the most famous American aid worker to die in any conflict of the past two decades... She stands as a youthful representative of American idealism, and darkly symbolic of what has gone so tragically wrong in Iraq." Six hundred people, including Barbara Boxer and Sean Penn, attended her funeral in her hometown of Lakeport. There were also memorial services in New York, Washington, Baghdad, Kabul, and San Francisco. - Makki Awad was born in 1956 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Al-nahr (1979), Babel Habibati (1988) and Ala'm al Seet Waheeba (1997). He died on 27 February 2024 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Actor
- Production Manager
Mahdy El Hosseiny was born on 12 June 1940 in Iraq. He was an actor and production manager, known for Vacation Days (1985), Theyab Al-Lail (1992) and Naji Attallah's Squad (2012). He died on 12 July 2020 in Baghdad, Iraq.- Actor
- Producer
Mohsin al-Azzawi was born on 1 July 1939 in Nasiriyah, Iraq. He was an actor and producer, known for The Shadow Men (1996), Theyab Al-Lail (1992) and Manawi Al Basha (2000). He died on 7 May 2023 in Baghdad, Iraq.- Ahmad Hassan al-Bakr was born on 1 July 1914 in Tikrit, Iraq. He died on 4 October 1982 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Mahmoud Hussein was born in 1949. He was an actor, known for Samco (2014), Al Dars Al Awal (2012) and Madinat Al-Qawa'id (City of Basis) (1999). He died on 18 April 2023 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Khalil Al-Rifai was born on 7 July 1927 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), The Shadow Men (1996) and Building No. 13 (1987). He died on 9 October 2006 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Gertrude Bell was born on 14 July 1868 in Washington New Hall, County Durham, England, UK. She died on 12 July 1926 in Baghdad, Mandatory Iraq.
- Julio Anguita Parrado was born on 3 January 1971 in Córdoba, Córdoba, Andalucía, Spain. He was an actor, known for Bedford (2004) and History (2000). He died on 7 April 2003 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Abdul Jabbar Al-Sharqawi was born on 1 December 1953 in Iraq. He was an actor, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), Al Haj Nejim (2015) and King Ghazi of Iraq (1993). He died on 22 May 2016 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Editor
- Director
- Writer
Saheb Haddad was born on 15 February 1939 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an editor and director, known for Another Day (1978), Motaw'ie and Bahiya (1982) and Building No. 13 (1987). He died on 18 December 1994 in Baghdad, Iraq.- Afifa Iskandar was born on 10 December 1921 in Mosul, Iraq. She was an actress, known for Yom said (1940) and El kahira-Baghdad (1947). She died on 22 October 2012 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Risan Matar was born in 1960. He was an actor, known for The Biggest Liar (2012), Back Streets (1998) and Naji Attallah's Squad (2012). He died on 5 November 2017 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Mona Al-Basry was born in 1950. She was an actress, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), The Shadow Men (1996) and The smell of coffee (1986). She died on 19 May 2022 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Actress
- Editor
Virginia Yassin was born in 1948 in Baghdad, Iraq. She was an actress and editor, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), The Shadow Men (1996) and 100% (1993). She died on 16 October 2018 in Baghdad, Iraq.- Ghazi Al-Takritee was born on 5 June 1930 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Clash of Loyalties (1983), Building No. 13 (1987) and The Thirsties (1972). He died on 25 June 1997 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Subhi Al-Azzawi was an actor, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), Zamn Al Houb (1991) and Al Malath ... Ammen?! (2001). He died on 17 March 2010 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Badri Hassoun Farid was born on 1 July 1927 in Karbala, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), Al Qadisiyya (1981) and Nebuchadnezzar (1960). He was married to Ibtisam Faread. He died on 17 November 2017 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Mohammed Al Qaisi was born in 1928 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Said effendi (1957) and The Cinema (1977). He died on 19 July 1988 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Hatem Salman was born on 6 February 1942 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Al-nahr (1979), Theyab Al-Lail (1992) and Hob Fey Baghdad (1987). He died on 12 November 2010 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Fawzi Mahdi was born on 22 February 1934 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Al-nahr (1979), Theyab Al-Lail (1992) and Another Day (1978). He died on 14 April 1999 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Talib Al-Furati was born on 4 February 1935 in Babylon, Iraq. He was an actor, known for The Thirsties (1972), Another Day (1978) and Building No. 13 (1987). He was married to Azhar Hammody. He died on 6 June 2005 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Abd Al-Jabbar Abbas was an actor, known for The watchman (1967), Fayeq Ytzwag (1984) and Al-hudud al Multahiba (1984). He died on 3 December 1992 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Colmar von der Goltz was born on 12 August 1843 in Adlig Bielkenfeld, Labiau, East Prussia, Prussia [now Polessk, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia]. He was married to Auguste Schliffke. He died on 19 April 1916 in Baghdad, Baghdad, Ottoman Empire [now Baghdad, Iraq].
- Melad Sery was born on 1 February 1976 in Baghdad, Iraq. She was an actress, known for Al Fonduq (2019), Back Streets (1998) and Manawi Al Basha (2000). She died on 28 July 2023 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Director
- Actor
Ali Al Ansari was born on 19 June 1944 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was a director and actor, known for Burj al Akrab (1998) and Al Qadisiyya (1981). He died on 14 October 2016 in Baghdad, Iraq.- Tou'ma Al-Tamimy was born on 1 July 1931 in Basra, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), El Zawraq (1977) and Al Qadisiyya (1981). He died on 9 February 1995 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Hikmat Al-Qaisi was born on 23 February 1933 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Nebuchadnezzar (1960), Away from them (1987) and Al Hajas (1984). He died on 14 December 2012 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Farouk Al-Qaisi was born on 1 January 1941 in Baghdad, Iraq. Farouk was a director, known for Ala'm al Seet Waheeba (1997), Not To Hamman, Pharaoh (1977) and Habl Al Mawada (2006). Farouk died on 9 February 2013 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Nahdia Alramah was born on 12 October 1938 in Baghdad, Iraq. She was an actress, known for Another Day (1978), The Thirsties (1972) and Abu Tubar (2011). She died on 22 March 2017 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Make-Up Department
- Actor
Yusuf Salman was an actor, known for El Zawraq (1977), Warrak al-Kharif (1964) and Al-Fajer Al-Hazeen (1991). He died on 29 January 2011 in Baghdad, Iraq.- Fadhel Jassim was an actor, known for Theyab Al-Lail (1992), Hob Fey Baghdad (1987) and 6/6 (1988). He died on 27 August 2012 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Amer Jehad was born on 1 July 1955 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Al Said Al Modeer (1991), Sunadqija (2008) and Case 238 (2001). He died on 28 April 2024 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Suad Abdallah was an actress, known for Tamma Elashrar (1999), Oyun la tanam (1982) and Building No. 13 (1987). She died on 23 March 2014 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Kamel Ibrahim was born on 10 April 1972 in Basra, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Renegades (2018), The Knower (2021) and Al Malath ... Ammen?! (2001). He died on 12 April 2020 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Ghazi al-Kinani was born on 1 July 1937 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for Al-ayyam al-tawila (1980), Al Qadisiyya (1981) and Clash of Loyalties (1983). He died on 15 July 2023 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Makhmudzhan Vakhidov was born on 10 October 1939 in Shaydan, Tajik SSR, USSR. He was an actor, known for Zumrad (1962), Rustam and Suhrab (1972) and Khasani-arobakash (1965). He died on 12 November 1977 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Fadil Khalel was born on 1 July 1946 in Maysan, Iraq. He was an actor, known for The watchman (1967), Away from them (1987) and Yellow Letter (1990). He died on 8 October 2017 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Ali Dakhil was an actor, known for Al Malath ... Ammen?! (2001), Al Ardahalji (2019) and University Tale (2008). He died on 19 January 2023 in Baghdad, Iraq.
- Shukri Al-Awqaidi was born in 1929 in Baghdad, Iraq. He was an actor, known for The Shadow Men (1996), Clash of Loyalties (1983) and Badea (1989). He died on 4 November 2012 in Baghdad, Iraq.